ATLAS OF THE WORLD’S LANGUAGES by R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley

Author:R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Routledge

Mongolian

2,917,500

 Inner Mongolian

2,713,000

 Oirad

139,000

 Barga-Buryat

65,000

Dongxiang

270,000

Monguor

90,000

 Huzhu

60,000

 Minhe

30,000

Daur

90,000

Bao′an

10,000

 Dahejia

6,000

 Tongren

4,000

 Kangjia

2,000

Eastern Yugur

4,000

5.9.3.1 Mongolian dialects

The dialects of Inner Mongolian, spoken in scattered communities over the greater part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region and neighbouring areas, are mutually intelligible. Besides those listed in Table 5.14, the speakers include the Ujemchin, Urat, Tumet and Abaganar. However, Oirad, which is spoken in Russia as well as China and western Mongolia, has preserved some archaic forms, including the front vowels ö and ü where other Mongolian languages now have o and u, and non-initial oo and öö have become aa and ää; the consonant dz becomes z and k appears where other Mongolian languages have x (kh): kem ‘who’, Khalkh xen. Meanwhile, in Buryat, also spoken in northern Mongolia and Russia, ö and ü have become o and u (or u only), changing the vowel harmony; s becomes h before a vowel and d at the end of a syllable; ch becomes sh or so, while dzh becomes zh, z or even y: yargal ‘happiness’, Khalkh jargal.

Table 5.14 Speakers of Mongol dialects in China (est.)

Dialect

Number of speakers

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